![]() In short, now you have to find the formal charge on carbon (C) atom as well as oxygen (O) atoms present in the CO 3 2- ion.įor calculating the formal charge, you have to use the following formula įormal charge = Valence electrons – (Bonding electrons)/2 – Nonbonding electrons The stability of lewis structure can be checked by using a concept of formal charge. Now you have come to the final step in which you have to check the stability of lewis structure of CO 3 2- ion. Step 6: Check the stability of lewis structure Now let’s proceed to the final step to check whether the above lewis structure is stable or not. You can see from the above picture that the carbon atom is forming an octet as it has 8 electrons. Now to make this carbon atom stable, you have to shift the electron pair from the outer oxygen atom so that the carbon atom can become more stable.Īfter shifting this electron pair, the central carbon atom will get 2 more electrons and thus its total electrons will become 8. Carbon has only 6 electrons and it is unstable. Unfortunately, the carbon atom is not forming an octet here. In order to check the stability of the central carbon (C) atom, we have to check whether it is forming an octet or not. In this step, you have to check whether the central carbon atom (C) is stable or not. If it does not have octet, then shift the lone pair to form a double bond or triple bond. Step 5: Check the octet on the central atom. Hence there are no remaining electron pairs to be kept on the central atom. The CO3 2- ion has a total 24 valence electrons and all these valence electrons are used in the above sketch. These outer oxygen atoms are forming an octet and hence they are stable.Īlso, in step 1 we have calculated the total number of valence electrons present in the CO3 2- ion. Here in the sketch of CO3 molecule, you can see that the outer atoms are oxygen atoms. Now in this step, you have to check the stability of the outer atoms. This indicates that the carbon (C) and oxygen (O) are chemically bonded with each other in a CO3 molecule. Now in the CO3 molecule, you have to put the electron pairs between the carbon atom (C) and oxygen atoms (O). Step 3: Connect each atoms by putting an electron pair between them So here the carbon atom (C) is the center atom and the oxygen atoms (O) are the outside atoms. If we compare the electronegativity values of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) then the carbon atom is less electronegative. You can see the electronegativity values of carbon atom (C) and oxygen atom (O) in the above periodic table. Now here the given ion is CO3 2- and it contains carbon atom (C) and oxygen atoms (O). Step 2: Select the central atomįor selecting the center atom, you have to remember that the atom which is less electronegative remains at the center. Total valence electrons in CO 3 2- ion = valence electrons given by 1 carbon atom + valence electrons given by 3 oxygen atoms + 2 more electrons are added due to 2 negative charges = 4 + 6(3) + 2 = 24. ![]() You can see the 6 valence electrons present in the oxygen atom as shown in the above image. Hence the valence electrons present in oxygen is 6. Oxygen is group 16 element on the periodic table. → Valence electrons given by oxygen atom: You can see the 4 valence electrons present in the carbon atom as shown in the above image. Hence the valence electrons present in carbon is 4. → Valence electrons given by carbon atom:Ĭarbon is group 14 element on the periodic table. Here, I’ll tell you how you can easily find the valence electrons of carbon as well as oxygen using a periodic table. (Valence electrons are the electrons that are present in the outermost orbit of any atom.) In order to find the total valence electrons in CO3 2- ion, first of all you should know the valence electrons present in the carbon atom as well as oxygen atom. Steps of drawing CO3 2- lewis structure Step 1: Find the total valence electrons in CO3 2- ion
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